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发表于 2008-8-20 07:51:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
美国为何不认中国金牌霸主地位 怕丢面子修改规则

谁是本届奥运会上最成功的国家?说起这一话题,人们自然都会把眼光转向奖牌榜,似乎有了这一评判标准,谁优谁劣,一眼间高下立判。然而事实上,国际奥委会并没有给出任何官方的国家排名,这也让各个国家出现了不同的排名系统,法国《费加罗报》就对这一现象给出了分析。

  文中表示,在法国、英国和中国,人们遵循的依然是“金牌榜”。因此,目前获得金牌数几乎达到美国两倍的中国当仁不让的占据了老大的位置,美国只能屈居第二。而法国因为仅仅获得四枚金牌,在榜单上名列第十一位。

  然而来到美国,一切都变了。根据CNN或是《纽约时报》的说法,目前的头名是美国,而中国,英国与法国分列二到四位。原因何在?因为美国人与全世界其他国家使用的排名统计系统有分歧,大多数国家运用了奥组委公布的“仅供信息参考”的金牌榜作为参照系统,尽管依据奥林匹克博爱和人道主义的精神,这并不是一个官方排名——体育不分国界。但在美国本土,总奖牌榜才是人们所关心的。

  《费加罗》报指出,现代奥运会已经不仅仅是体育的竞争,更是一种区域政治力量之间的较量。每个国家都为自己的代表团定下了奖牌目标,体育对于国家实力的展现使这一竞争变得尤为引人关注。对于92年奥运会上无可争议的领头羊美国来说,他们发现自己的霸主地位在今年已经被中国运动员撼动。为了不让自己“降级”,他们改变了排名策略,开始使用总奖牌榜取代金牌榜,这使他们得以凭借65块奖牌超越获得了61块奖牌的中国,也避免了将世界体育最强国的地位在本届奥运会上拱手让给中国的尴尬。

  美国的ABC电视台还出台了一种更“新颖”的算法,他们将从1906年以来历史上获得过的所有奖牌数相加。如此一来,获得过897块金牌,共2197块奖牌的美国足可以高枕无忧了,要知道即使是第二位的前苏联也对这一纪录望尘莫及,他们仅仅获得过440块金牌,1122块奖牌。至于中国,在排名榜上仅列第13位,金牌总数和奖牌总数分别为112与286枚。

  有意思的是美国人在这个问题上没与国际接轨,欧洲人也不服气,他们拿出了自己的解决办法——有网站将整个欧盟看作一个区域来统计。于是,到目前为止已经获得了51块的金牌,161块奖牌的“欧洲”终于可以长出一口气,笑傲世界体育之巅了。(任语之)

[此帖子已被 Bonjour 在 2008-8-20 7:53:59 编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2008-8-21 11:14:27 | 显示全部楼层

看美国人现在是如何排序奖牌榜的: 铜牌排序

[此帖子已被 Bonjour 在 2008-8-21 22:39:39 编辑过]

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发表于 2008-8-20 16:03:56 | 显示全部楼层
我有不同睇法,奥运金牌多少亦唔能论英雄成败,只是国际大家庭4年一次个运动员友谊聚会,中国金牌多系国家对体育界投入资本多的原因,外国运动员就没中国运动员幸福,请问楼主知不知一块奖牌要花去我们纳税人多少钱吗?外国运动员是不能花他本国纳税人钱的
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发表于 2008-8-20 18:30:12 | 显示全部楼层
C'est tres bien. Continue comme ca! Merci beaucoup!
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发表于 2008-8-20 22:16:59 | 显示全部楼层
请问世BJ,上一届老美也是这样排的吗?
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 楼主| 发表于 2008-8-21 02:04:08 | 显示全部楼层

柳下惠:
请问世BJ,上一届老美也是这样排的吗?


美国报纸US Today报道2004雅典奥运会时,以金牌为排名顺序:
国家  金牌  银牌  铜牌  总牌数
美国  35   39   29   103
中国  32   17   14   63
俄罗斯 27   27   38   92
(中国因为32枚金牌排在27枚金牌的俄罗斯之前,尽管俄罗斯
的总牌数为92枚高于中国的63枚。美国怎么排都是第一位。)


http://asp.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/athens/medals.aspx

美国报纸US Today报道2008北京奥运会时,以总牌数为排名顺序:
国家  金牌  银牌  铜牌  总牌数
美国  26   26   27   79
中国  43   14   19   76
俄罗斯 10   14   18   42
澳州  11   12   12   35
(美国因为79枚总牌数排在76枚的中国之前,尽管美国的金牌
为26枚低于中国的43枚。美国只有这么排才能第一位。)
牌数截至2008.08.19 21:40。

http://usatoday.com/sports/olympics/beijing/medals.aspx?imw=Y

为了维持美国人的自豪感和面子,美国宣传人员的手法非常细
腻,值得学习。

[此帖子已被 Bonjour 在 2008-8-21 2:26:51 编辑过]

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发表于 2008-8-21 02:18:47 | 显示全部楼层

世界大同 各施各法 各得其所 各行其道

中国45金创东道主夺金纪

今天中国奥运军团以45面金牌刷新了二战以来东道主在非遭抵制的奥运会上夺取金牌总数的纪录。纵观二战以来的16届奥运会,除去1980年遭到美国等国家抵制的莫斯科奥运会、以及1984年遭到前苏联等国家抵制的洛杉矶奥运会之外,在其余14届奥运会中,东道主国家夺得金牌总数最多的纪录是美国在1996年亚特兰大奥运会上创造,为总数44枚。今天中国队一举打破了这个纪录,并且在奥运会还有4个比赛日的情况下,还将刷新这一记录.

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 楼主| 发表于 2008-8-21 02:55:57 | 显示全部楼层

花花公子:
我有不同睇法,奥运金牌多少亦唔能论英雄成败,只是国际大家庭4年一次个运动员友谊聚会,中国金牌多系国家对体育界投入资本多的原因,外国运动员就没中国运动员幸福,请问楼主知不知一块奖牌要花去我们纳税人多少钱吗?外国运动员是不能花他本国纳税人钱的

美联社:中国大获全胜

原文标题:China is the boss, and it's not even close

文章很长,大概翻译下:

  人们都不会怀疑中国会在本次奥运会上对美国构成挑战,在看到北京宏伟的奥运场馆之后你就应该清楚,他们造这些显然不会是为了当第二名。

  美国人是时候降低自己对美国的期望值了,虽然美国队在游泳上表现出色(这是美国队的传统优势,1920年以来都是如此),但在其他方面也发挥糟糕,如果你减去菲尔扑斯的8面金牌的话,美国在奥运会的表现可以用灾难来形容。

  在10天之内,中国在金牌数上不仅超过了他们上届的32块,也超过美国上届的36块,接近美国96年在自己主场的44块的记录。

  正如美国奥委会的罗什先生所说,从现在开始我们应该降低自己的期望值了,今后美国不大可能在奥运会上有前些年那么优势的表现了。

  当人们发现金牌榜上中国遥遥领先时,你就会听到那些常见的借口,什么中国有东道主优势了, 什么中国有大量奥运体育学校,让小孩从很小就开始训练啊。

  可人们似乎忘记了,美国也一直以来也是这么做的, 美国每年投入亿万美元寻找运动天才,美国一样从很小就开始训练运动员,发现有潜力的一样大力培养。我们比其他参赛国更重视奥运会,我们甚至包了家中国当地大学去让我们的运动员训练和比赛的更加舒服。

  但美国还是输了,田径比赛也看不出什么机会, 我们剩下的优势项目也没几个了。

  有的人说,奥运会不是国家竞争的舞台,重在运动员的个人表演。

  这当然完全是胡说八道,从奥运会创办以来,奥运会会一直是各国炫耀自己国力的平台,而在冷战时期,奥运会的意义更大,变成了超级大国对抗的平台。

  冷战也许结束了,但奥运会的目的没改变,可惜的是奥运会快结束了,但目前位置美国还没找到太多值得炫耀的东西。
====
China's the boss, and it's not even close

Associated Press

Updated: August 18, 2008, 12:24 PM ET

http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/wire?section=oly&id=3540842

BEIJING -- The story line was in place even before they filled the pool inside the Water Cube. This was always going to be China's Olympics to win, and there wasn't a lot the United States or anybody else could do about it.

The message didn't come from the Chinese, though they had to have a pretty good idea what was coming. They didn't spend billions on the magnificent structures where these games are being staged with the idea of coming in second in the medal standings.

No, it was the American side playing the game of lowered expectations. Better for those at home to understand going in that these games might be tough than have them look up midway through the Olympics and wonder what in the name of Michael Phelps is going on.

Which is precisely what many have to be wondering about now.

Lowered expectations are one thing. Lowered performances are another.

Sure, Phelps cleaned up in the pool and his teammates added to the swimming haul. That's almost expected, because Americans have dominated swimming at most Olympics since Johnny Weissmuller won five gold medals in the 1920s.

And U.S. athletes are doing a fine job of finishing second and third. Already, 50 of them have spent a few Olympic moments in Beijing standing on podiums listening to the national anthems of other countries.

But the golds? Gone to China, nearly every one. Well, not quite, though it may seem that way to everyone not watching American television. While NBC has spent much of its prime-time glorifying all things Phelps, the host country has been busy collecting the most prized medals by the handful.

In just 10 days, the Chinese have not only passed the total number of golds (32) they won four years ago, but also the total number (36) won by the United States in Athens. As of Monday night they had 39 golds, closing in on the 44 won by the U.S. in 1996 in Atlanta. The U.S. won 83 golds at the 1984 Los Angeles Games, but those were boycotted by the Soviet Union and its allies.

China's success is no surprise. The country's Project 119 program was designed to match that many total medals at these games, and China has spared no resources in making sure that happens at home in Beijing.

What is a bit surprising is that the U.S. lags so far behind in a gold-medal race that figured to be competitive, if nothing else. The Olympic powerhouse that topped the gold medal count the last three Olympics has a grand total of 22, and that's after all the swimming that isn't synchronized has ended.

Take away the eight won by Phelps and things really look dismal.

\"We were trying to lay expectations down that we've seen this coming for a couple of years and certainly didn't want anyone to be shocked,\" U.S. Olympic official Steve Roush said, referring to the lopsided medal tally. \"Some felt maybe we were sandbagging. I wish we were.\"

Ask why the Chinese are dominating the gold-medal count while the U.S. struggles to pick up a gold here and there, and you hear the usual things. The home team always gets a boost from the Olympics, China has a sports school program that trains athletes from a young age, and the hosts have targeted certain sports (weightlifting, shooting, badminton) to cash in on.

Left unsaid is that the U.S. also identifies athletes at a young age, spends hundreds of millions of dollars to train them, and throws in a nice bonus if they win gold. And no country has done anything more to make their athletes feel at home in China than the Americans.

They took over a local university so the 600 athletes could train and live in comfort, imported tons of their favorite food, provided them with everything from masseuses to sports psychologists, and even taught them the words to the national anthem, just in case.

They still aren't winning, something the Chinese are beginning to notice.

\"Track and field competitions were already in the third day and so far 'Uncle Sam' hasn't taken one gold,\" the nation's biggest sports newspaper, the Titan Sports Weekly, said Monday.

That changed when Stephanie Brown Trafton won the women's discus and the American men swept the 400 hurdles. U.S. officials hold out hope for a strong final push in track, but Tyson Gay didn't even qualify for the 100-meter final, what was supposed to be an All-Star shot put trio flopped, and there's not a Carl Lewis anywhere in sight.

\"I am surprised we haven't won more gold,\" Brown Trafton said. \"But you know what? I hope this sets a trend.\"

Much to NBC's horror, there's not a lot left out there to even make it close, unless IOC officials rewrite the rules and give the U.S. credit for all of the 12 gold medals that will surely hang around the neck of the U.S. men's basketball team on Sunday.

Purists will insist that none of this matters and that the Olympics are all about individuals and teams doing their best for Olympic glory. They'll say just competing means more than anything.

That, of course, is nonsense.

Bragging rights by countries have been an Olympic staple since the inception of the modern games in 1896. They were especially fun -- even important -- to grab during the Cold War, where the medal haul often served as a proxy for real world events.

The world has changed, but that hasn't.

And with time beginning to run out in these games, the U.S. isn't finding a lot to brag about.

----

Tim Dahlberg is a national sports columnist for The Associated Press. Write to him at tdahlbergap.org

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发表于 2008-8-21 03:04:50 | 显示全部楼层
多谢BJ,有空多转载这方面的文章,谢谢.
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 楼主| 发表于 2008-8-21 03:38:34 | 显示全部楼层

花花公子:
我有不同睇法,奥运金牌多少亦唔能论英雄成败,只是国际大家庭4年一次个运动员友谊聚会

奥运奖牌的制订就是偏向老大的

要不是以美国为首的西方体育霸权对中国体育的打压,限制中国的优势项目,中国金牌甚至奖牌都早就超过美国了。比如举重,每个项目派一个人都不许!乒乓球跳水等规则针对中国改了又改,任何一个中国优势项目中都不可能三面中国国旗同时升起,而美国却已经有过几次了。再看看游泳菲尔普斯一个人就参加了多少项,一个人就拿了多少金牌!算一算美国优势项目中美国的人次,远远高于中国优势项目中中国的人次。这就是造成中国奖牌榜“畸形”—— 金牌一头热的原因,也是中国体育的无奈,只能是精英培养,在有限的优势项目名额中,只要能有机会参加,就一定要拿金牌,银牌都是失败。所以我鄙视奖牌榜,只有金牌榜才是实力!这世界从来都是只认第一不认第二的,战争中国际较量中第二就意味着失败,就意味着要被第一欺负!

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